职能职责
职能职责
生态环境部贯彻落实党中央关于生态环境保护工作的方针政策和决策部署，在履行职责过程中坚持和加强党对生态环境保护工作的集中统一领导。主要职责是：
（一）负责建立健全生态环境基本制度。会同有关部门拟订国家生态环境政策、规划并组织实施，起草法律法规草案，制定部门规章。会同有关部门编制并监督实施重点区域、流域、海域、饮用水水源地生态环境规划和水功能区划，组织拟订生态环境标准，制定生态环境基准和技术规范。
（二）负责重大生态环境问题的统筹协调和监督管理。牵头协调重特大环境污染事故和生态破坏事件的调查处理，指导协调地方政府对重特大突发生态环境事件的应急、预警工作，牵头指导实施生态环境损害赔偿制度，协调解决有关跨区域环境污染纠纷，统筹协调国家重点区域、流域、海域生态环境保护工作。
（三）负责监督管理国家减排目标的落实。组织制定陆地和海洋各类污染物排放总量控制、排污许可证制度并监督实施，确定大气、水、海洋等纳污能力，提出实施总量控制的污染物名称和控制指标，监督检查各地污染物减排任务完成情况，实施生态环境保护目标责任制。
（四）负责提出生态环境领域固定资产投资规模和方向、国家财政性资金安排的意见，按国务院规定权限审批、核准国家规划内和年度计划规模内固定资产投资项目，配合有关部门做好组织实施和监督工作。参与指导推动循环经济和生态环保产业发展。
（五）负责环境污染防治的监督管理。制定大气、水、海洋、土壤、噪声、光、恶臭、固体废物、化学品、机动车等的污染防治管理制度并监督实施。会同有关部门监督管理饮用水水源地生态环境保护工作，组织指导城乡生态环境综合整治工作，监督指导农业面源污染治理工作。监督指导区域大气环境保护工作，组织实施区域大气污染联防联控协作机制。
（六）指导协调和监督生态保护修复工作。组织编制生态保护规划，监督对生态环境有影响的自然资源开发利用活动、重要生态环境建设和生态破坏恢复工作。组织制定各类自然保护地生态环境监管制度并监督执法。监督野生动植物保护、湿地生态环境保护、荒漠化防治等工作。指导协调和监督农村生态环境保护，监督生物技术环境安全，牵头生物物种（含遗传资源）工作，组织协调生物多样性保护工作，参与生态保护补偿工作。
（七）负责核与辐射安全的监督管理。拟订有关政策、规划、标准，牵头负责核安全工作协调机制有关工作，参与核事故应急处理，负责辐射环境事故应急处理工作。监督管理核设施和放射源安全，监督管理核设施、核技术应用、电磁辐射、伴有放射性矿产资源开发利用中的污染防治。对核材料管制和民用核安全设备设计、制造、安装及无损检验活动实施监督管理。
（八）负责生态环境准入的监督管理。受国务院委托对重大经济和技术政策、发展规划以及重大经济开发计划进行环境影响评价。按国家规定审批或审查重大开发建设区域、规划、项目环境影响评价文件。拟订并组织实施生态环境准入清单。
（九）负责生态环境监测工作。制定生态环境监测制度和规范、拟订相关标准并监督实施。会同有关部门统一规划生态环境质量监测站点设置，组织实施生态环境质量监测、污染源监督性监测、温室气体减排监测、应急监测。组织对生态环境质量状况进行调查评价、预警预测，组织建设和管理国家生态环境监测网和全国生态环境信息网。建立和实行生态环境质量公告制度，统一发布国家生态环境综合性报告和重大生态环境信息。
（十）负责应对气候变化工作。组织拟订应对气候变化及温室气体减排重大战略、规划和政策。与有关部门共同牵头组织参加气候变化国际谈判。负责国家履行联合国气候变化框架公约相关工作。
（十一）组织开展中央生态环境保护督察。建立健全生态环境保护督察制度，组织协调中央生态环境保护督察工作，根据授权对各地区各有关部门贯彻落实中央生态环境保护决策部署情况进行督察问责。指导地方开展生态环境保护督察工作。
（十二）统一负责生态环境监督执法。组织开展全国生态环境保护执法检查活动。查处重大生态环境违法问题。指导全国生态环境保护综合执法队伍建设和业务工作。
（十三）组织指导和协调生态环境宣传教育工作，制定并组织实施生态环境保护宣传教育纲要，推动社会组织和公众参与生态环境保护。开展生态环境科技工作，组织生态环境重大科学研究和技术工程示范，推动生态环境技术管理体系建设。
（十四）开展生态环境国际合作交流，研究提出国际生态环境合作中有关问题的建议，组织协调有关生态环境国际条约的履约工作，参与处理涉外生态环境事务，参与全球陆地和海洋生态环境治理相关工作。
（十五）完成党中央、国务院交办的其他任务。
（十六）职能转变。生态环境部要统一行使生态和城乡各类污染排放监管与行政执法职责，切实履行监管责任，全面落实大气、水、土壤污染防治行动计划，大幅减少进口固体废物种类和数量直至全面禁止洋垃圾入境。构建政府为主导、企业为主体、社会组织和公众共同参与的生态环境治理体系，实行最严格的生态环境保护制度，严守生态保护红线和环境质量底线，坚决打好污染防治攻坚战，保障国家生态安全，建设美丽中国。
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